:高考英语时文专题训练(五)B

高考英语时文专题训练(五)

----科学技术

Wearenowlivinginatimethatscienceisdevelopingatagreatspeed。Withthedevelopmentofsciencemanycountrieshaveimprovednotonlytheireconomybutalsotheirpeople’slivingconditions。Inourdailylifewecangetalotofbenefitfromscience。

Ifwelookatthethingsarounduswe’llfindhowcloselyourdailylifeisconnectedwithscience。Forexample，athomewecanturnonthecentralheatingorairconditionerwhenwefeelcoldorhot，andwecanwatchTVorlistentothetaperecorderforentertainment，andwecanuseagasstovetocookourmeals，andwehavecomputerstohelpuswithourworkwhenweareworkingintheoffice，andwealsohavecars，buses，evenairplanesastraffictoolswhenwegoout。Allthesethingsaretheresultsofthedevelopmentofscience。Itgoeswithoutsayingthatwithoutscienceoursocietycannotmakerapidprogressandourlifecannotbecomfortableandconvenient。

Sincescienceissoimportantinourdailylife，weshouldtrytomakeasmuchcontributionaspossibletothedevelopmentofscience。Ascollegestudents，wemustfirstofallstudyhard，togainusefulscientificknowledge，andthenputwhatwehavelearnedintopractice。Weshouldtakeadvantageofsciencetoserveoursociety。

1。Whichcan’tshowtherelationbetweenscienceanddailylife?_________

A。Wecanusecomputerstohelpourwork

B。Wecantravelbyplane。

C。Wecanplaybasketballinasportcenter。

D。WecanenjoyourselvesbywatchingTV。

2。Whatshouldthecollegestudentsdototakeadvantageofscienceexcept_____

A。studyinghard

B。servingthesocietywithknowledge

C。puttingwhatwehavelearnedintopractice

D。takingphysicalexercise

Amongallthefastgrowingscienceandtechnology，theresearchofhumangenes，orbiologicalengineeringaspeoplecallit，isdrawingmoreandmoreattentionnow。Sometimesitisahottopicdiscussedbypeople。

Thegreatestthingthatgenetechnologycandoistocureseriousdiseasesthatdoctorsatpresentcanalmostdonothingwith，suchascancerandheartdisease。Everyyear，millionsofpeoplearemurderedbythesetwokillers。Andtodate，doctorshavenotfoundaneffectivewaytocurethem。Butifthegenetechnologyisapplied，notonlythesetwodiseasescanbecuredcompletely，bringinghappinessandmorelivingdaystothepatients，butalsothegreatamountofmoneypeoplespendoncuringtheirdiseasescanbesaved，thereforeitbenefitstheeconomyaswell。Inaddition，humanlifespan(寿命)canbeprolonged。

Genetechnologycanhelppeopletogivebirthtomorehealthyandcleverchildren。Somefamilies，withtheEnglishimperialfamilybeingagoodexample，havehereditarydiseases。Thismeanstheirchildrenwillforsurehavethefamilydisease，whichisagreattroubleforthesefamilies。Inthepast，doctorscoulddonothingabouthereditarydiseases。Butgenetechnologycansolvethisproblemperfectly。Thescientistjustneedtofindthewronggeneandcorrectit，andahealthychildwillbeborn。

Somepeopleareworryingthatthegeneresearchcanbeusedtomanufacturehumanbeingsinlargequantities。Inthepastfewyears，scientistshavesucceededincloningasheep，thereforethesepeoplepredictthathumanbabieswouldsoonbecloned。ButIbelieveclonedbabieswillnotcomeoutinlargequantities，formostcouplesintheworldcanhavebabiesinverynormalway。Ofcourse，thegovernmentsmusttakecaretocontrolgenetechnology。

1。Whatdoes“thesetwokillers”inthesecondparagraphreferto?

A。genetechnologyandanothertreatmentofthetwodiseases。

B。Thetwomurdererswhokilledtheclonedbaby

C。Thetwodiseasesofcancerandheartdisease

D。Hereditarydiseasesandcancer

2。What’sthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?

A。Howgenetechnologycanbeappliedinthefieldoftreatinghereditarydiseases。

B。Genetechnologycanbeusedtoclonehumanbabies。

C。Genetechnologycanhelppeopletogivebirthofababy。

D。GenetechnologycanhelptheEnglishimperialfamilyout

3。Inwhatwaygenetechnologycanhelptotreathereditarydiseases?

A。Usinggenetechnology，peoplewithhereditarydiseasescanhavemorelivingdays。

B。Usinggenetechnology，scientistfindsthewronggeneandcorrectsit。

C。Usinggenetechnology，humanbabiescanbecloned。

D。Doctorscancurecancerandheartdiseasewiththehelpofgenetechnology。

4。Whatisthemainpurposeofwritingthispassage?

A。Expressingthewriter’sideathatgenetechnologywillbenefitpeople

B。Tellingpeopletheadvantagesofgenetechnology

C。Tellingthereadersthatgenetechnologywillnotbenefitpeople

D。Explainingthatgenetechnologywillalsodoharmtothehumanity

Passage53Thegeneticandenvironmentalinfluenceonman’sintelligence

Althoughamanmaybebornclever，hisintelligenceneedalsotobefurtherdeveloped。Tosomeextentourintelligenceisgivenusatbirth，andnoamountofspecialeducationcanmakeageniusoutofachildbornwithlowintelligence。Ontheotherhand，achildwholivesinaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholivesinrichandvariedsurroundings。Thusthelimitsofaperson’sintelligencearefixedatbirth，butwhetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment。

Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomeextentsomethingwearebornwith。Thecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeople，theclosertheyarelikelytobeinintelligence。Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfromthepopulation，itislikelythattheirdegreesofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent。Ifontheotherhandwetaketwoidenticaltwinswillverylikelybeasintelligentaseachother。Relationslikebrothersandsisters，parentsandchildren，usuallyhavesimilarintelligence，andthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth。

Imaginenowthatwetaketwoidenticaltwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments。Wemightsendone，forexample，toauniversityandtheothertoafactorywheretheworkisboring。Wewouldsoonfinddifferencesinintelligencedevelopingandindicatesthatenvironmentaswellasbirthplaysapart。Thisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachother，butwhoarenotrelatedatall，arelikelytohavesimilardegreesofintelligence。

1。Theexampleshowninthethirdparagraphtellsusthat_____

A。theonewhowassenttocollegeismorecleverthananothertwin

B。wecancontrolpeople’sintelligencefreely

C。birthdoesn’tplayaroleindevelopingofintelligence

D。environmentplaysanimportantroleinaffectingpeople’sintelligence

2。Whichstatementistrue?

A。Intelligenceissomethingwearebornwith。

B。Intelligencedependsonbirth。

C。Wecanmakeaboybornwithlowintelligencecleverbyspecialeducation。

D。Peoplewhohavenobloodrelationcan’thavethesameintelligence。

3。Choosethephrasewhichhasthesamemeaningwith“atrandom”。

A。atwill

B。onpurpose

C。freely

D。particularly

Specialtreesthatgrowfaster，fightpollution，producebetterwood，andevensensechemicalattacksarebeingplantedbyscientistsintheUS。When40percentofHawaiisUS$14million-a-yearpapaya(木瓜)industrywasdestroyedbyavirusfiveyearsago，workbeganoncreatinggeneticallyengineered(转基因的)trees。Researcherssuccessfullyintroducedseedsthatweredesignedtoresistthevirus。Sincethen，moreandmorepeoplehavebeentestinggeneticallyengineeredtrees。Someresearchersputspecialbacteriaintotreestohelpthemgrowfasterandproducebetterwood。Othersaretryingtocreatetreesthatcancleanpollutedsoil。Meanwhilefruitfarmersarelookingfortreesthatarestrongenoughtoresistworms，andpapercompanieswanttreesthatproducemorewoodandthereforemorepaper。ThePentagon(五角大楼，美国国防部所在地)evengavetheresearchersUS$500，000thisyearaftertheydevelopedapinetreethatchangesitscoloursifitsensesachemicalattack。Sofar，thepoplar，eucalyptus(杨树与桉树)，appleandcoffeetreesareamongthosebeingengineered。Allthisiscanbedonetodaybecausewehaveabetterunderstandingoftreegenomes(基因组)。However，somepeoplefearthatthegeneticallyengineeredtreeswillcausedangerousresults。Theyareworriedthatthenewtreeswillbreedwithnaturalspeciesandchangethebalanceoftheforestenvironment。

Itcouldbedestructive，saidJimDiamond，anenvironmentalist。Treesarewhatisleftofournaturalenvironmentandhometomanyendangeredspecies。Butresearchersinsistthatsciencecouldgivenatureafightingchanceagainstbothnaturalandman-madedangers。Theyhopetoanswerthecriticsbystoppingthenewtreesfrombreeding，sotheireffectontheenvironmentcanbecontrolled。

1。WhichkindoftreeisnottheonesthatscientistsareplantingintheUS?A。Treesthatwormscanthurt。B。Treesthatcanprotectthemselvesatachemicalattack。C。Treesthatcanresistwindbetter。D。Geneticallyengineeredtrees。

2。WhatcausedtheAmericanscientiststoworkonspecialtrees?A。Theythinksciencecouldgivenatureafightingchanceagainstbothnaturalandman-madedangers。B。Greatnumbersoftreeshavebeenlostduetoattacksbyviruses。C。Researcherssuccessfullyintroducedseedsdesignedtoresistthevirus。D。Treegenomesaremappedoutsoscientistsknowhowtoimprovetrees。

3。Whichofthefollowingwasprobablythefirstkindoftreesbeingengineered?A。Papaya。B。Pine。C。Apple。D。Poplar。

4。Whydidcriticsthinkengineeredtreesdangerous?Because_______。A。thesetreescandestroythebalanceofnatureB。everythingexcepttreeshasbeengeneticallyengineeredC。treesarehometomanyendangeredspeciesD。thesetreesmayaffectnormaltrees

Ford，thesecond-largestcarmakerintheworld，celebratesits100thbirthdaythismonth。Anditisalreadylookingforwardtoitsnext100years。Fordexpectstohavenearlyhalfitscarspoweredbyfuelcells(燃料电池)bytheyear2050。Inthemeantime，anothercarmakerintheUS，GeneralMotors(GM，通用汽车公司)，isbuildingthetechnologyforcarstobepoweredbyfuelcells。

So，whatmakesfuelcellssospecial?Whyarecarmakerssoenthusiasticaboutthem?Fuelcellsarebasedonanelectrochemical(电气化学的)process。Theychangechemicalenergyfromhydrogenandoxygen(氢和氧)intoelectricalenergy。Fuelcellspollutemuchlessthantraditionalpowersources。Theyproducelittlemorethanwaterasaby-product。CarmakersexpectthemtocutCO2emissions(散发)inhalfandsomakecarsmoreenvironmentallyfriendly。Fuelcellsarenotdependentonoilsupplies。Instead，theyrunonhydrogen，themostcommonelementintheuniverse。Andtheycanberefuelled。Carmakersexpectfuelcellstolessontheindustrysneedtorelyondecreasingoilsupplies。Usingfuelcells，withoutthetraditionalmotor，engineershavemanymorepossibilitiesfordevelopingcars。Afuelcellframecanlast20years，socarbodiescouldchangewithdriversneeds—orevenwiththeseasons—andbereplacedatwill。Ownerscouldswitchfromasportscartoafamilycarwhilekeepingthesamefuelcellframe。Thisisamuchcheapersolutiontobuyingawholenewvehicle。Afuelcellcarismorethanjustanewconceptcar；itsthestartofarevolutioninhowcarsaredesigned，builtandused，saidGMChiefExecutiveRickWagoner。

Whilethismaysoundgreat，fuelcellsarestilltooexpensivetoproduce。Forcars，theycanbetentimesthepriceofnormalengines。ThecurrenttestmodelscancostUS$1millionormore。BesidesFordandGM，anumberofothercarmakersarenowtestingfuelcellvehicles。Andallareaimingformassproductionby2010。Bythattime，thecostofbuyingafuelcellcarshouldbeasaffordableasthatofatraditionalcar。

1。BesidesFord，thewriterusesGMasanotherexampletoshow_______。A。anothercarwarisonB。bigcarmakersaredependingonfuelcellsfortheirfutureC。fuelcellswillreplacetraditionalpowersourcesD。fuelcellcarwillbeproducedearlierthanexpected

2。Whatmakesthetraditionalcarframenotabletochangewithdriversneeds?A。Traditionalfuels。B。Highcostofchangingtheframes。C。Thetraditionalcarframecantlastmanyyears。D。Traditionalmotor。

3。WhatdoesRickWagonermeanbyafuelcellcarismorethanjustanewconceptcar?A。Afuelcellcarisnotsomethingthatonlyexistsinfuture。B。Afuelcellcarwillbeveryimportantinthefuture。C。Itwillbecomeareality。D。Afuelcellcarisstillveryexpensive。

Ifyouwatchedtheanimatedfilm(动画电影)，Shrek，didyouwonderhowthisbigcartoonmonster(怪物)couldlook，actandspeaklikearealhumanbeing?Well，peopleatDreamWorksintheUSarenowworkingonShrek2。AndtheyhavegivenusalittlelookatthemakingofShrekandhowanimationworks。Shrekmaybehi-technow，buthestartedoutasasimplepieceofart。Peopledrewhundredsofmonstersuntiltheyfoundthebest-lookingone。Hehadtobeuglybutlovable，saysRamanHui，theleadinganimatorforthefilm。Aclay(陶土)modelofShrekwasthenmade。Andanimatorsmadeathree-dimensional(三维的)copyofthemodelonacomputer。BuildingthebodyTomakeShrekwalk，talkandmovelikeaperson，theybuilthisbodyinthecomputerasifitwereahumanbody。First，theymadeaskeleton(骨架)。Thejoints(knees，fingersandsoon)arecontrolledbytheanimator。Andtheymovelikearealbody。Then，ittookthreemonthstodecidehowamonstershouldactsaidHui。SinceShrekissoheavy，theydecidedheshouldntwalktoofast。But，whenwemadehimwalkmoreslowly，helookedtooold。。。Sowemadehimwalklikeamuscular(强健的)man。。。。Ifyouwatch，whenhemovesprettyfast，youwillseethathistummybounces(肚子抖动)。BettermovesWhenShrekspeaks，hismouthmatcheshiswords。Standinfrontofamirrorandsaydonkey。Seetheshapeofyourmouth?ComputeranimatorscopythatshapeandputitonShreksmouthwhenhesaysdonkeytomakeitmovejustlikeyours。AnimatorsthenstartedworkingonShrekslooks—hisface，hisskin，hisclothing。Theygottheirideasfromallovertheplace。Forexample，thetexture(纹路)onShreksjawcamefromaphotoofthejawofoneoftheanimators。Puttingittogether

Threeminutesofanimationiscalledasequence。Eachsequenceisfirstdrawnoutbyhandsotheanimatorsknowwhattodo。Eachonehas4，320framesandsixpeopleworkingonit。InShrek，eachsequencetooktwomonthstofinish。Therewereabout30intotaland128，000frames。Aseachsequenceisfinished，editorsputitintherightplaceofthemovie。Andwhenallthesequencesarefinished，themovieisdone。Shrektookthreeyearstocomplete。

1。WhentheanimatordecidedhowShrekshouldwalk，_______。A。theybuilthisbodyinthecomputerjustlikeahumansB。theydrewalotofpicturesandchosethebestlookingoneC。theymadeaclaymodelofthebodyD。theythoughtaboutShrekscharacter

2。Thewordoneinthesentenceinthelastparagraph(Eachonehas4，320framesandsixpeopleworkingonit)refersto______。A。animatorB。animationC。sequenceD。movie

3。Thepassagesmainideais_______。A。howthefilmShrekcameintobeingB。howShrekwasbroughttolifefortheaudienceC。theworkofanimatorsD。howharditistomakeananimatedfilm

Passage57Robotslookforlife

ThefirstscientiststovisitMarsarenotgoingtobefleshandbloodhumans，butmetalrobots。Thissummer，NASA(美国国家宇航局)planstostarttheMarsExplorationRoversmission(MER，火星漫游者探险任务)，sendingapairofrobotictwinsintospace。Ifallgoeswell，thesix-wheeledroverswillberollingaroundtheRedPlanetsometimeinJanuary2004。NASAfirstsentarovertoMarsin1997。Itprovedthatthetechnologycouldgetto，andlandon，theplanet。Thistime，theMERrobotwillactasascientistandseekoutanysignsofwater—pastorpresent。BothMERrobotswillbedeliveredintospacebyarocket。Wrappedinalandingshell，anairbag(气囊)willprotectthemwhentheshellhitstheplanetssurface。Onceitlands，theshellwillopen，andtheroverswillcomeout。WhatwetriedtodowastakeeverythingyoudfindinafieldscientistsbagonearthandmakearoboticfieldscientistforMars，saidStevenSquyres，aNASAscientist。Eachcarriesninecameras，whichwillsendpicturesofMarsbackdowntoEarth。Onecamerasitsonthetipofeachrobotsarm。Thisarmisthesamesizeasthatofahumanadult。Everytimetherobotmoves，thecamerasfeedimagestoitscomputer。Thecomputerthendecideswhetheranobstaclecanbedealtwithorshouldbeavoided。Andifitgetsinarealjam，theroverphoneshomeforinstructions。Theruleis：Dontgooveranythinglargerthanyourwheel，saidSquyres。Thewheelsoneachofthe180kgroversstandatabout25cmtall。

Andtheymoveslowly—around5cmpersecond。TheMERrobotsareabletodig，inanyrock，holesabout45mmwideand5mmdeep。ThiswillallowresearcherstostudymaterialthathasbeenuntouchedbytheextremeMartian(火星的)weather。DuringMarsnights，MERrobotscansleepforupto18hours。Butsometimestheyllhavetoworklateandconductexperimentsinthedark。TheywillrollonMarsfor90days。

WateronMars?

InJune2000，NASAannounceditsdiscoveryofwateronMars。Scientistsbelievethatvaststoresofwaterstillexistbelowthesurface。Ifthediscoveryisconfirmed(证实)，itwouldbeabigstepforNASA。Withoutwatertherecan，andnevercouldhavebeen，anylife。

1。ThefirstscientistsdesignedtovisitMarsthissummeraregoingtobe______。

A。twoscientistsofNASA

B。apairoftwins

C。twopilots。

D。Twometalrobots

2。ThemaintaskoftheMERis_____________。

A。totakesomepicturesofMars。

B。Totesttherobots。

C。Toseekoutanysignsofwater。

D。TodigholesinMars。

Passage58Cloning

Asweapproachthe21stcentury，itisclearerthaneverthatscienceandtechnologyarechangingthewayweliveandwork。Thebreakthroughsinbioengineeringsciencearehelpingtorevealthemysteriesoflife，holdingoutnewhopeforlifesavingcurestosomeofourmostdreadeddiseases。

In1997，thegreatnewsshockedthewholeworldthattheBritishscientistscreatedalamb，namedDollyfromasinglecell。Miraculously，thecellhadbeentakenfromtheudderofanadultsheep，whichmarksthefirsttimeanadultanimalhadbeensuccessfullycloned。

Butitsooncausedworldwideconcernoveritsethical，social，andscientificimplications。Cloningisespeciallycontroversialbecauseitraisestheprospectof“making”humansgeneticallyidenticaltoanexistingmanorwoman。Somepeopleclaimattemptingtousethesecloningtechniquestoactuallycloneahumanbeingisuntestedandunsafeandmorallyunacceptable。

Howtolookuponthisnewtechnique?Whenitcomestoadiscoverylikecloning，wemustmovewithcaution，careanddeepconcernabouttheimpactofouractions。First，cloningshouldbegreatlyesteemedandgreatthanksshouldbegiventoitsinventors。Meanwhile，greateffortsshouldbemadetoplacethistechniqueunderstrictcontrol。Especiallyweshouldadoptadocumentagainsthumancloningsincepastexperiencetellsusanewinventionmaycausetroublesifitismisused。

1。Whatarechangingthewayweliveandwork?________

A。Cloning。

B。Lifesaving

C。Scienceandtechnology

D。Themysteriesoflife

2。WhoisDolly?______

A。ABritishscientist

B。Asinglecell

C。Anadultsleep

D。Alambcloned

3。Somepeopleclaimattemptingtousethesecloningtechniquestoactuallycloneahumanbeingis__________

A。untested

B。unsafe

C。morallyunacceptable

D。aboveofall

4。Howshouldwelookuponcloning?_______

A。Cloningisterrible

B。Cloningmustbemovedwithcaution，care。

C。Cloningwillcausetroubles。

D。Cloningisadisease

5。Accordingtothepassage，whatshouldbegiventocloning’sinventors?_____________

A。Strictcontrol

B。Greatthanks

C。Care

D。Caution

Passage59“Iloveyou”virus

OnMay21，1999，someAmericanscientistswereworkingatthecomputerstolookforinformationtheyneeded。Suddenlytheysawalotofverybrightredspotscrossingthecomputers’screens。Atthesametimethecomputerswereworkingmuchslower。Tofindoutwhatwashappeningtheystoppedtheirworktochecksomepartsofthecomputers。Totheirhorror，theyfoundoutthatmostoftheirstoredinformationwasgotridofbycomputervirus！Obviouslyallthesecomputershadbeeninfectedbycomputervirus。

ItissaidthatthecomputerviruswasmadebytwoorthreePhilippineyoungmenfondofplayingtricks。Theyallhadexcellenteducation。Theycreatedthevirusjusttoshowtheirintelligence。Thekindofcomputervirusisnamed“ILoveYou”Virus。Thisviruscanhideincomputersforlong。Whenthetimecomesitwillattackthecomputersbyloweringtheimportantfunctions，damagingtheirnormalprogramsorevengettingridofagreatdealofinformationwhichoperatorsofthecomputersoftenuseorstore；evenworse，itstillcanreproduceitselfingreatquantitieswithinashorttime。

Wecometoknowthat“ILoveYou”VirusoftenattackscomputersonMondaysandthatitisspreadingtomanycomputersintheworld。AmongthecountriesthatsufferedcomputerviruseslastyearareBritain，Australia，SwitzerlandandtheUS。Thosewhomadethecomputerviruseshavebeenfoundoutslowlyandcarefully。Buttillnow，howtogetridoftheterriblevirusesremainsaproblem。

1。In1999，thevirusmadeAmericanscientists’information________

A。alllost

B。partlylost

C。nonelost

D。mostlylost

2。Themostterriblecharacter“ILoveYou”Virusis_______

A。itcanhideincomputersforlong

B。itcandamagecomputer’snormalprograms

C。itcangetridofalltheinformationthattheoperatorstores

D。itcanreproduceitselfingreatquantitiesinashorttime

3。Allthefollowingcountrieshavebeenattackedby“ILoveYou”VirusEXCEPT__________

A。Britain

B。Australia

C。Switzerland

D。Japan

4。Accordingtothepassage，whichisNOTtrueabout“Iloveyou”virus?

A。Havefoundwhomadeit

B。Havefoundthesolutiontoit

C。Havebeenattackedbyit

D。Havenoeffectivemethodto

Passage60Applicationproxy

Tounderstandtheapplicationproxy，considerthisscenariowhereyouneededtodeliveryourneatlittlepackageofnetworkdata。Withapplication-levelproxies，thescenarioissimilar，butnowyouneedtorelyonsomeoneelsetodeliverthepackageforyou。Hencethetermproxyillustratesthisnewscenario。Thesamerulesapplyastheydoforpacketfiltering，exceptthatyoudon’tgettodeliveryourpackagepastthegate。Someonewilldoitforyou，butthatagentneedstolookinsidethepackagefirsttoconfirmitscontents。Iftheagenthaspermissiontodeliverthecontentsofthepackageforyou，hewill。

Mostcommercialroutersdonothaveproxycapabilitiestoday，althoughIbelievethatproxytechnologywillbeintegratedwithroutercodeinthefuture。Untilthen，youneedtorelyonastandalonesystemthatcansupportapplication-levelproxyservices。

Sinceanapplicationproxyneedstocommunicateonbehalfofthesender，itneedstounderstandthespecificlanguageorprotocolsassociatedwithaparticularapplication。TakeasanexamplethewidelyusedHTTP(HypertextTransferProtocol)proxy。Ifyouareusingabrowseronyournetwork，itishighlylikelythatyourISgrouphasanHTTPproxyconfiguredtoallowyoutoaccesstheWebviaacentralserver。ThatsinglemachineunderstandsHTTPconversationsandcanspeakonbehalfoftherequestingclient。Thisisapplicationlevelproxying。

Ofcourse，securityandencryptionalsocomeintoplay，sincetheproxymustbeabletoopenthe“package”tolookatitordecodeitscontents。Theseareimportantissuesobviously，buttodothemjusticewouldrequireanotherarticle。

1。Aspecialsequenceofnumbersorlettersthatlimitsaccesstoelectronicboxesisa____________

A。combination

B。code

C。password

D。modem

2。Transferringdatafromalargercomputertoyourmicrocomputeriscalled

A。aLAN

B。time-sharing

C。downloading

D。uploading

3。Whatcommunicationschanneltransfersdataaspulsesoflight?______

A。Telephonelines

B。Coaxialcable

C。Fiber-opticcable

D。Microwave

4。Rulesforexchangingdataonanetworkarecalled_______。

A。protocol

B。asynchronoustransmission

C。configuration

D。serialtransmission

5。Asystemfrequentlyusedindecentralizedorganizationsinwhichcomputingpowerislocatedandsharedatdifferentsitesis_________

A。client/server

B。centralized

C。mainframe

D。distributed

专题六科学技术练习答案及详解

Passage511。C2。D

科学和我们日常生活紧密相连。

1．细节题。答案：C。

2．推断题。D项不属于利用科学技术。

基因技术会给人类带来更多的好处。

1．确定指代关系。答案C。

2．段义理解。第三段是讲基因技术在治疗遗传疾病方面的应用。

3．细节题。答案：B。

4．推断写作意图。答案：A。

Passage531。D2。D3。A

遗传和环境如何影响人的智力？

1．段落理解。答案：D。

2．判断题。答案：D

3．猜词义。ATRANDOM是“任意地、随便地”的意思。

Passage541。C2。B3。A4。D

转基因植物开始在美国研究种植。五角大楼真能种出能感知化学武器袭击的PINETREES吗？

1．细节题。答案：C。

2．细节题。文章第二段提供解答信息。

3．推断题。答案：A。

4．批评家的观点在文章最后四段。

Passage551。B2。D3。C

福特、通用两大汽车公司正着手研制燃料电池驱动的汽车。

1．细节题。答案：B。

2．文中Afuelcellframecanlast20years，socarbodiescouldchangewithdriversneeds—orevenwiththeseasons—andbereplacedatwill。Ownerscouldswitchfromasportscartoafamilycarwhilekeepingthesamefuelcellframe。一段提供信息。传统的发动机就不象FUELCELL这样方便了。

3．句义理解。答案：C，

动画电影SHREK是这样做得形象逼真的呢？

1．细节题。答案：D。

2．指代关系判断。答案：C。

3．主旨题。答案：B。

地球机器人勇探火星，充当地质学家寻找水源。

1。细节题。答案：D。

2、主旨题。火星漫游者探险的主要任务是寻找水源。

Passage581。C2。D3。D4。B5。B

从1997年第一只克隆羊“DOLLY”的诞生起，克隆技术一直倍受关注。

1．常识题。答案：C。

2．DOLLY是克隆羊。

3．对克隆人颇多争议。

4．怎样看待克隆技术？

5．克隆技术的发明无疑是一大进步。

Passage591。D2。D3。D4。B

“爱虫”病毒是怎样被发现的？它有那些特征呢？

1．细节题。答案：D。

2．“爱虫”病毒最可怕的特征是：D。A、B、C项是一般计算机病毒所具有的特征。文中evenworse，itstillcanreproduceitselfingreatquantitieswithinashorttime。一句也可看出这一特征是最可怕的。

3．细节题。答案：D。

4．判断题。B项与文中Buttillnow，howtogetridoftheterriblevirusesremainsaproblem。一句不符。

Passage601。C2。C3。A4。A5。D

什么是“应用程序代理”？

1．计算机应用常识。答案：C—密码。

2．常识题。答案：C----下载

3．题干中PULSES意思是：“脉冲”

4．网络中数据交换的规则称为：PROTOCOL---协议。

5．选项中D与decentralized同义。