:牛津英语5a英语语法(三)一般现在时
一. 一般现在时行为动词词型变化形式
一般现在时动词只有第三人称有词形变化，其他人称动词均用原形单数第三人称动词变化：
多数在动词后加s play—plays like—likes
,
以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es go—goes wash--washes,
以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es fly—flies study--studies
二. 一般现在时动词be和 have的变化形式
1.动词Be 叫连系动词, 连系动词be的用法：除了第一人称单数用am，和第三人称单数用is以外，其它人称用are。
I am busy.
You are busy. He (She) is busy. We (You, They) are busy.
2.动词have的用法：除了第三人称单数用has以外，其它人称一律用have。如:
I have a
pen. You have a pen. She (He) has a pen.
We (You,
They) have pens.
三. 一般现在时的句型
1.肯定句构成：主语+动词 (注意人称变化) +其它成分
Ihave a
dog. We like the little cat. She sings well.
2.否定句构成：
行为动词的否定句：主语+助动词(do/does) + not +动词原形+其它成分
He dosen’t
have a dog. He isn’t young. We don’t like the little cat.
(借助于助动词do) She doesn’t sing well. (借助于助动词does)
3.一般疑问句：
A.行为动词的一般疑问句：助动词(do/does)+主语+动词原形 + 其它成分
Do you
like it? Yes, I do. / No. I don’t . Does
he(she) like it? Yes, he( she )does. / No, he ( she )doesn’t.
B. 动词BE 的一般疑问句Am / Is /Are +主语 + 其它成分
Are you a
teacher? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.
Are they
students of your school.Yes they are / No they aren,t.
4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句
How many
students are there in your school?
What do
you usually do on Sunday?
四．一般现在时的用法
1.经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如：
every
year, sometimes, at 5 o’clock, on Sunday.
I get up
at six o’clock every day.
He gets up
at six o’clock every day.
She smokes
too much.
I
telephone to my parents once a week.
2.表达客观真理，科学事实。如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
Three and
four makes seven.
The
teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.
Shenyang lies
in the north of China.
3.在格言或名言警句中。
Pride goes
before a fall. 骄必败。
Actions
speak louder than words.事实用于雄辩。
4.表示现在的状态、性格、个性。
I don’t
want more, thanks.
He is a
good student. He is always ready to help others.
五.一般现在时其它用法
一般现在时表将来
1.含有go, come, return, arrive, leave, start,
begin等动词的一般现在时表将来。表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
The school
bus leaves at eight .
2.在时间或条件句中。
When Tom
comes, ask him how to fix the tap.
I’ll help
you as soon as I arrive there.
3.在动词hope, take care
that, make sure that等后。
I hope she
has a good time.
Before you
leave the room, please make sure that the door is closed.
4.时间状语从句,条件句中,从句中(常含有till , once , as soon as ,
when ,
while , before , after , so long as , by the time , if , in case ,
unless ,
even if , whether , the moment , the minute )
Eg. As
soon as I get there, I will deal with this matter.
Whether he
is happy is an important thing to her.
5.倒装句，表示动作正在进行
Here comes
the teacher!= The teacher is coming.
There goes
the bell. = The bell is ringing.
Here comes
the car. = The car is coming.
一般现在时表过去
1.书上，报纸上的叙述。
The
newspaper says that the president will retire next month.
2.叙述往事，使其生动。
Napoleon’s
army now advances and the great battle begins.
一般现在时表完成
1.动词用一般现在时代替完成时：hear , tell , learn , write , understand ,
forget , know , find , say, remember.
Eg.I hear
(= have heard) he will go to Paris.
I forget
(=have forgotten) how to read the word.
2.句型 It is … since… = It
has been … since …
it is (=
has been) five years since we last met.
一般现在时表进行
1.句型：Here comes…； There goes…
Eg: Look,
here comes Mr. Brown.
六. 注意事项
1.在英国，人们常用have got代替have，特别在疑问句和否定句中。
2.当have如果不表示“有”时，构成疑问或否定句时，就借助于助动词do, does, don’t或者doesn’t.
练习
一.用词的适当形式填空。
1.What time_________ his father_________(do) the work?
2.He _________(get) up at five o’clock.
3.__________ you _________(brush) your teeth every
morning.
4.What ________ ( do ) he usually ________( do ) after
school?
5.Tom ________ ( study ) English, Chinese, Maths,
Science and Art at school.
6. Kitty sometimes __________(go) to the park with his
sister.
7.At eight at night, she __________( watch ) TV with
her parents.
8. ________ Mike________( read ) English every day?
9.How many lessons________ your classmates______( have
) on Monday?
10.We often___________ ( play ) football in the
playground.
二．选择
( ) 1. _____ you have a book?
A. Do B. Are C. Is D. Have
( )2. They _________ on a farm.
A.
working B. is work C. work D. is worked
( ) 3. Does Peter like to watch TV?
__________.
A. Yes,
he like B. No, he doesn’t C. Yes, he’d like D. No, he likes
( )4. She doesn’t __________ her homework in
the afternoon.
A. doing B. to do C. does D. do
( )5. How ____________ Mr. Brown ___________
to America?
A. do,go B. is,go C. does,go D. does,goes
( )6. Where’s my camera? I____________ it.
A. am not
finding B. am not seeing C. can’t find D. can’t
look at
( )7. How ___________ he go to work?
He
___________ to work by bike.
A. does
;go B. do;goes C. do ;go D. does;goes
( )8. ______ you usually late for school?
No,
_____________.
A. Do ; I
am B. Does ;not C. Are ;
I’m not D. Are ; I aren’t
( )9. _____ she _____ home at six every day?
A. Is ,
leave B. Does , leave C. Is , leaves D. Does ,
left
( )10. Mr. Yang ____________ English this
term.
A.
teaches our B. teaches us C. teachs
us D. teach our
答案：一.1.does,
do 2. gets 3. Do,
brush 4. does, do 5. studies 6. goes 7. watches 8. Does, read 9. do,
have 10. play
二.1---5 A C
B D C 6---10 C D C B B
