:2020高考时文阅读(passages1-2)

高考时文阅读(passages 1-2)

Afewdaysago，hewasjustColonel(上校)Yang；fewpeopleknewhisnameorrecognizedhisface。ButlastThursday，whenhecamebacktotheearthaftera21-hourtriptospace，YangLiweissmilewasseenacrosstheworldabovethemagicwords：Chinasfirstspaceman。

The38-year-oldastronautwassentintospaceat9a。m。lastWednesdaybyChinasShenzhouVspacecraft，whichorbitedtheearth14times。Helandedsafelyat6：23a。m。thenextday，makingChinathethirdcountrytosuccessfullysendapersonintospace，aftertheformerSovietUnionandtheUS。

Yangwassatisfiedwithhisjob。Ihaveseenmanylandingscenesbeforeonvideo，andIthinkourswasoneofthemostsuccessful，hesaidonaspecialplanetoBeijingafterlanding。

BornintoanordinaryfamilyinLiaoningProvince，hebecameapilotintheChineseAirForcein1987，spending1，350hoursintheair。HejoinedtheChinesespaceprogramme11yearslater。

Whileinspace，YangrecordedeverythinghesawaswellasshowingChinasnationalflagandtheUnitedNationsflagtothepeoplewatchingonTVathome。Healsoateamealofdicedchickenandfriedrice，beforetakinga3-hournap。Thewholeprojectwentaccordingtoplan，butspaceexplorationisnotaseasyasitseems。

AnyonewhosawthedestructionoftheUSspaceshuttleColumbiainFebruarythisyearwillknowthatYangtookagreatrisk。

Heexperiencedextremelyhightemperatures，whilethegravitationalforces(重力)ontakeoffandlandingwerestrongenoughtoforcetearsfromhiseyes。

Hehasspentfiveyearstrainingtobecomeaspaceman。

Ieatallofmymealsatthespaceprogrammesdinningroomandhaveneverbeenabletotakemysontokindergarten，hesaid。Ivenevermethisteachers。

ButbecomingChinasfirstspacemanhasmadealltheeffortworthwhile。

WhenIboardedthespacecraftforthefirsttime，Icouldnthelpfeelingexcited，hesaid。IdecidedthatIhadtoflyit。

ToChinesepeople，Yangisnowahero。OnevisitortoaXinhuanewsagencyonlineforum(网上论坛)said：YangstripisagiantleapforwardforChina。

OfficialssaythenextShenzhouwillbelaunchedby2005。Chinaalsoplanstodevelopspacewalkingandaspacelab。

1。Whatisthemainideaofthestory?

A。Chinasfirstmannedspaceflight。

B。Aherowithgreatcourage

C。ThefirstChinesemaninspace

D。HowYangLiweibecameChinasfirstspaceman

2。HowlongdideachofYangsorbitstakeonaverage?

A。1hour。

B。1。5hours。

C。6hours。

D。Thestorydidntmention。

3。Whydidthewritermentionthegravitationalforcesontakeoffandlanding?

A。Tostressthehardshipandthespacemanhadtoexperience。

B。Becauseitwasaveryspecialexperienceforanyspacemen。

C。Tostresshowmuchtraininghehadtodotopreparefortheflight

D。ToshowthatYangislucky。

4。Whydidthewriterusegiantleapinthetitle?

A。BecausethespaceflightmarkedChinasgreatprogressinthefieldofspaceexploration。

B。BecauseNeilArmstrongsaiditwasagiantleapformankindwhenhefirstsetfootonthemoon。

C。Becausethespaceflightwasahugesuccess。

D。BothAandB。

Passage2Chinesefourthunmannedspacecraftintospace

ChinablasteditsfourthunmannedcraftintospaceonMondayinwhatislikelyafinaltestbeforesendingitsfirstastronautintoorbitaroundearth，statemediasaid。

TheShenzhouIV，orDivineShip，tookofffromitslaunchcenterinthenorthwesternprovinceofGansuearlyMondaymorningandhadalreadysettledintoitscoursearoundEarth，theofficialXinhuanewsagencyandnewspapersreported。ThesuccessfullaunchoftheShenzhouIVhaslaidasolidfoundationforChinatosendChineseastronautsintospace，theChinaDailyquotedanofficialattheBeijingAerospaceCommandandControlCenterassaying。Likeitspredecessors，thecraftwillcircleEarthonceevery90minutes。Thevessel，whichboastsacompletesystemneededformannedflight，willflyinspaceforafewdaysbeforelanding。

Chinasspaceprogramisatestofnationalprideasthecountry，growingfastaftertwodecadesofmarket-orientedreforms，seeksaplaceontheworldstagealongsidegreatpowers。Chinaaimstobecomethethirdnationintheworldcapableofputtingpeopleinspace。TheSovietUnionfirstaccomplishedthefeatin1961，withtheUnitedStatesfollowingthenextyear。Thecountrystarteditsmannedflightprogramin1992，theXinhuareported，addingastronautshadenteredtheShenzhouIVtotrainformissionsforthefirsttime。XinhuaquotedSuShuangning，aleadingofficialforthemannedflightprogram，assayingChineseastronauts，allwithfighterpilotbackgrounds，wereabsolutelycapableofmakingtheirmaidenvoyagetoouterspace。

1。In________Chinastarteditsmannedflightprogram。

A。1961B。1962C。1992D。2000

2。Whichnationssucceededincarryingpeopleintospace?

A。theSovietUnionandChinaB。theUnitedStatesandChina

C。theformerSovietUnionandtheUnitedStatesD。Russia

3。WhichisNOTtrueabouttheShenzhouIVaccordingtothisreport?

A。ItsChinesefourthunmannedspacecraftlaunchedintospace。

B。Itislikelytobeafinaltestbeforelaunchingamannedcraft。

C。ItwassuccessfullylaunchedearlyMondaymorning。

D。Itdidnotboastasystemneededformannedflight。

4。TheLastsentenceinboldimpliesallofthefollowingbut_________。

A。TheleadingofficialisquitesurethatChinaiscapableofsendingmannedcraftsintospace。

B。Theastronautswhowilltakethefirsttripintospacewerepickedoutamongthefighterpilots。

C。Chineseastronautshavemadeseveralvoyagestoouterspacebefore。

D。XinhuanewsagencyquotedimpersonallywhatSuShuangning，theleadingofficialforthemannedflightprogram，said。

keys：

Passage11。C2。B3。A4。D

中国载人航天飞行取得圆满成功，这一消息令国人振奋。

1．全文行文角度以杨利伟为中心，故答案为C。

2．计算题。信息源在第一二段这两处：……hecamebacktotheearthaftera21-hourtriptospace…………whichorbitedtheearth14times也就是说环绕地球转了14圈耗时21小时，简单计算得平均每转一圈1。5小时，答案为：B。

3．分析和该题相关的信息Heexperiencedextremelyhightemperatures，whilethegravitationalforces(重力)ontakeoffandlandingwerestrongenoughtoforcetearsfromhiseyes。，不难推知选项A意义相符。

4．结合全文理解标题中的giantleap，其意义为选项A。意即：神舟五号的成功标志着中国在航天领域里迈出了一大步，B项表明：giantleap这一遣词的来源。所以答案为：D

Passage21。C2。C3。D4。C

这是一篇关于神舟四号模拟载人飞行的报道。

1。细节理解题。从最后一段Thecountrystarteditsmannedflightprogramin1992，。。。一句得知答案C。

2。从相关信息句TheSovietUnionfirstaccomplishedthefeatin1961，withtheUnitedStatesfollowingthenextyear。推知答案为C项。

3。ABCD逐一查证，D为不正确的说法。

4。该题考查对文章最后一句的理解。D项是说新华社客观引述了SuShuangning的原话，答案为：C。

高考时文阅读(passages3-4)

Passage3

AnunmannedChinesespacecapsulereturnedsafelytoEarthonSunday，mediasaid，layingthegroundworkforChinatoattemptlaterthisyeartosendanastronautintospace。AsuccessfulmannedflightwouldmakeChinaonlythethirdcountry，afterRussiaandtheUnitedStates，abletosenditsownastronautsintospace。

TheShenzhouIVcapsulelandedasplannedjustafter7：00p。m。onChinasnortherngrasslandsintheInnerMongoliaregion。Chineseofficialssaidthatthenextlaunchwouldbemanned。

ShenzhouIVblastedintospaceDec。30fromabaseintheGobidesert。Itorbitedtheearth108timesandperformedhundredsofmaneuvers(机动运用)，includingunfoldingitssolarpanels。Instrumentsfunctionednormallyandcollectedalargeamountoftestdata。There-entryvehicleanditscontentswillbesenttoBeijingforanalysis。Theflightwasthesecondinlessthan10monthsforaChinesespacecapsule--theshortestperiodtodatebetweenlaunchesandapossiblesignofgrowingofficialconfidenceintheprogram。

AcorpsofaboutadozenastronautspickedfromamongfighterpilotsinChinasairforcehavebeentrainingforyearstotakethefirsttripintospace。AtleasttwoweresenttoRussiascosmonautschool，calledtaikonautsaftertheChinesewordforspace，theyusedtheShenzhouIVcapsulefortraining。

TheShenzhouIV，whosenamemeansSacredVessel，carriedthenecessaryequipmentforamannedflight，andthemissiontestedlife-supportandothersystems。Xinhuasaidthecapsulewasidenticaltomannedspaceshipsexcepttherewerenomenaboard。

1。Whatsthebesttitleforthepassage?

A。UnmannedSpaceMissionaSuccess

B。ChineseFourthUnmannedSpacecraftIntoSpace

C。ChineseAstronautsSenttoRussia

D。China---theThirdCountrytoSendAstronautsIntoSpace

2。ShenzhouIVfinishedthefollowingtaskssuccessfullyexceptthat_________。

A。itorbitedtheearth108times。

B。Itperformedhundredsofmaneuvers。

C。itcollectedalargeamountoftestdata

D。itbroughtbackarockfromthemoon。

3。Thewordtaikonautsinboldmaymean__________inChinese。

A。太空B。太空人C。宇航员D。太空舱

4。Fromthelastsentence，whatXinhuasaidmeans__________。

A。TheShenzhouIVwasthesameasamannedspaceshipbuttherewerenomenaboardonitthistime。

B。Thecapsulewasanunmannedspacecraftsanditneededimprovinginordertoletmenaboard。

C。TheSacredVesselIVwasidenticaltoamannedspaceshipbutitwasnotabletocarrymenintospace。

D。Thespaceshipisverysimilartoamannedonebutitcouldnotholdanastronauts。

Passage4SARS

ScientistssaySevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome(SARS)iscausedbyanewvirusfromthefamilyofcoronaviruses（冠状病毒），whichalsocausesthecommoncold。

WHATARETHESYMPTOMS?

TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaysthemainsymptomsofSARSarehighfever(over38℃)，drycough，shortnessbreathorbreathingdifficulties。ChangesinchestX-rays，whichareindicativeofpneumonia（肺炎），alsooccur。SARSmaybeassociatedwithothersymptoms，includingchills，headache，muscularstiffness，lossofappetite，malaise，confusion，rashanddiarrhoea。

Healthexpertssaythediseasehasanincubationperiod(潜伏期)ofbetweentwo-to-sevendays，withthree-to-fivedaysbeingmorecommon，beforevictimsstartshowingflu-likesymptoms。

HOWDANGEROUSISIT?

Themortalityrate（死亡率）appearstobebetween3to5percent。InHongKong，atleast，thosewhoinfectedinvariablydevelopseverepneumonia，whichcancausenumerouscomplications。Thevictimsconditioncandeteriorate（恶化）veryquicklyinaslittleasfivedays。

WHATISTHETREATMENT?

Thereiscurrentlynospecificcureforthedisease。Butdoctorsworldwidehavebeentreatingitwithribavirin----ananti-viraldrug----andsteroids（类固醇）。Doctorssayiftreatedearlymostpatientswithoutotherseriousillnessescanrecover。

HOWDOESITSPREAD?

WHO（世界卫生组织）andHongKongexpertssaythevirusspreadsthroughdropletsbysneezingorcoughingandsuchdirectinfection（传染）canusuallyhappenwithinaradiusofaroundthreefeet。

Theviruscanalsospreadindirectlyasitcansurviveoutsideofthehumanbodyforthreetosixhours。Contactwithanyobjectthatistaintedbydropletscontainingthevirus，forexample，acontaminatedphone，couldleadtoinfectionifapersonthentouchestheireyes，noseormouth。

Healthexpertshavenotruledoutthatitcouldbeairborne（空气传播的），whichinfinitelyraisesthecontagiousnatureofthevirusandwouldmakeitfarhardertocontain（控制）。

1。WhichofthefollowingisNOTconsideredasoneofthesymptomsofSARS?

A。drycoughB。shortnessofbreathC。bleedingD。lossofappetite

2。ItispossiblethatapersonwillbeinfectedwithSARSif_______________。

A。theytouchestheirnoseaftercontactingwithacontaminatedphone。

B。theydontwashtheirhandstwiceaday。

C。theydontknowthecontagiousnatureoftheviruslikehealthexperts。

D。theydontgotoadoctoratoncewhentheycatchacold。

3。WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A。Eventhoughthereiscurrentlynospecificcure，thedoctorscantreatSARSwithananti-viraldrug。

B。Beforevictimsshowflu-likesymptoms，SARShasanincubationperiodofbetweentwo-to-sevendays。

C。ThatSARScouldbeairbornehasnotbeenruledoutbyhealthexpertsfromWHO。

D。Doctorsbelievethateveryvictimwithoutotherseriousillnessescanbecured。

4。Fromtheinformationgiveninthepassagewecandeducethat_______________。

A。SARSisatypeofpneumoniawhichiscausedbyinfluenza。

B。Whenaninfectedpersontravels，hecannotspreadthevirustootherpassengersonhisflight。

C。Inordertocontrolthespreadofthedisease，patientsshouldbeplacedinanisolationunit。

D。WearingamaskisnotagoodwayofkeepingoffSARS。

keys：

Passage31。A2。D3。A4。A

这是一篇关于神舟四号成功发射成功返回地面的报道。

1。文章标题要概括文章的中心，标题的内涵外延要准确反映文章的中心内容。做这类题不妨引导学生作这样的思考：如果让我来以某个选项为题写一篇文章或报道，我会在文章里写那些内容重点放在哪里，然后对比思考。这样更容易得到正确的选择。本题答案：A。

2。细节理解题。答案：D。

3。词义猜测题。理解文章倒数第二段最后一句，答案：A。

4。推理判断题。根据全文中心推断：神舟四号和载人飞船装备一样，只是没有宇航员。答案为：A。

Passage41。C2。A3。D4。C

这是一篇介绍SARS的文章。

1。细节理解题。根据文章二三段，C项bleeding不是SARS症状。

2。推理判断题。理解HOWDOESITSPREAD?一段，了解SARS的传播途径，判断A为正确答案。

3。逐一判断，正确答案为：D。

4。推理题。C项为唯一正确的推断。

高考时文阅读(passages5-6)

Passage5GoodbyeSARS！

BEIJING，ChinaandtheworldcelebratedagreatdayofvictoryonJune24。

Onthatday，theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)announceditsremovalofBeijingfromitslistofSARS-infected(感染非典的)areas。Italsolifteditstravelwarningagainstthecity-thelastintheworld。BeijingwasputontheWHOstravelwarninglistonApril23。

TheannouncementcameafterthenumberofcasesinBeijingshospitalsfellto46-wellbelowtheWHOcut-offpointof60。Beijinghadrecordedatotalof2，521casesofSARSand192deathsbyJune26。

TodaysdevelopmentisamilestoneinthefightagainstSARS，notonlyinChinabutalsotheworld。Fromtoday，theWHOhasnomorewarningsagainstanyplacesaroundtheworld，saidShigeruOmi，aWHOofficial。

Justonemonthago，goingoutwithoutamaskwouldhavebeenthoughtofasdaringandevenirresponsible(不负责任)inthecapitalcityof13millionpeople。

Changeclothesandwashhandsmoreoften，takemorephysicalexerciseandorganizefewergatheringswerecommonly-heardpiecesofadvice。

Peopleopenedtheirwindowsmoreoftenanddisinfectants(消毒液)couldbesmelledinthesubways(地铁)，busesandoffices。

Spittinginpublicbecamesociallycriticized。InBeijingandGuangzhou，publicspitterswereforcedtopayafineof50yuan。Thefine(罚款)wentupto200yuaninShanghai。

AtthepeakoftheSARSoutbreak，Beijingresidentswerethemostunwelcomepeopleinthecountry。Theywereforcedtocancelorputoffalmostalltheirtravelplans，asmostprovincesandcitiesputatwo-weekquarantine(隔离)ontravellersfromBeijing。

WiththeWHOsannouncement，lifeinChinahasreturnedtonormal。AllstudentsinBeijingwillreturntoschoolaftermorethantwomonthsofstayingathome。Andtravellinghasagainbecomeabigplanforthesummerholiday。

However，medicalexpertshavewarnedagainstanyrelaxation(放松)ofSARSpreventionandcontrolmeasuresaftertheliftingoftheWHOtravelwarning。

1。June24wasagreatdayworthyofbeingcelebratedbecause______。

A。ThelastSARS-infectedpatientrecoveredonthatday

B。WHOannouncedtoremoveBeijingfromitslistofSARS-infectedareas

C。WHOstravelwarningagainstBeijingwasliftedonthatday

D。bothBandC

1。Thelastparagraphsuggeststhat_______。

A。medicalexpertsbelievethattherewillnotbeanotheroutbreakofSARS

B。AftertheliftingoftheWHOtravelwarningpeoplecanplantheirtraveltoBeijing

C。WiththeWHOsannouncement，lifeinChinahasreturnedtonormal

D。medicalexpertswarnedusnottorelaxoureffortsonSARSpreventionandcontrolmeasures

2。Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?

A。DuringthepeakoftheSARSoutbreak，lifeofBeijingerswasgreatlyaffected。

B。Mostprovincesandcitiesputatwo-weekquarantine(隔离)ontravellersfromBeijing。

C。InBeijingandShanghai，publicspitterswereforcedtopayafineof50yuan。

D。ThenumberofcasesinBeijingshospitalsfellbelow60byJune24。

Passage6Peaceproblem

SixmonthshavepassedsinceSaddamHusseinsruleofIraqwasdeclaredover，butinmanywaysthewarisstillbeingfought。

GroupsopposedtoAmericancontrolofBaghdadhavelaunchedaseriesofsuicidebombingsacrossthecity。LastMondayaround40peoplewerekilledandmorethan200injuredinthebloodiestdaysincepeacewasannouncedonMay1。Onebombevenattackedtheheadquarters(总部)oftheInternationalRedCross。

DrJalalFMassa，adoctorwhosedaughterwasinjuredintheattackontheRedCross，said：We，theIraqipeople，whohavesufferedsomuch，feelhelplesswhenweseethesethings。TheUSoccupationhasnotbeenasuccess。

Inthelastthreemonths，therehavebeenseveralattacksinIraqcausingheavydamage。NotonlywereUStroopstargeted，butalsoUNbuildingsandworkers，religious(宗教的)leaders，foreignofficialsandmembersofIraqsnewgovernment。

OnOctober28，thenumberofUSsoldierswhohavediedinIraqsinceMay1roseto139，onemorethanthenumberwhodiedduringthewaritself。

PaulBremer，theUSchiefadministrator(行政长官)inIraq，toldtheIraqipeopletheUSdidntlikebeinganoccupyingpowerandpromisedtheywouldonlystayaslongasisnecessary。

Although，thereistransitorygovernmentinIraq，itiscontrolledbytheUSandthereisnotimetableforhandingoverpowertotheIraqis。Manyothercountries，includingFrance，GermanyandRussia，seethisasakeyparttorebuildingthecountry。

OnlyinthiswaycanitbemadeclearthatthepresentpoliticalsituationinIraqisatemporary(暂时的)one，saidGunterPleuger，GermanysAmbassador(大使)totheUN。AlthoughtheUNhasagreedtohelprebuildthecountry，itremainsdividedoverwhatitsroleshouldbe。WhilethelikesofFranceandGermanywanttoseeaquickhand-overofpower，theUSandBritainfocusmoreonremovingrebelforcesstillsupportingSaddam。

RosemaryHollis，oftheRoyalInstituteofInternationalAffairsinLondon，saidthatwhatevertheUS-ledtroopschoosetodo，theymustactquickly。Iftheydonotmovesoon，theywilllosecontrolandtherewillnotbeanynewgovernmenttoputinpower，shewarned。Theywillbestuck，ashappenedtoAmericaafterthewarinVietNam(越南)。

1。WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthedisagreementsoverrebuildingIraq?

A。WhethertheUSoccupationhasbeenasuccess。

B。SettingacleardateforthehandoverofpowertoIraq。

C。WhethertheUNshouldtaketheleadingroleinrebuildingIraqratherthantheUS。

D。RemovingtherebelforcesthatstillsupportSaddam。

2。Whatisthemainideaofthisstory?

A。BaghdadsawthebloodiestdaysincepeacewasdeclaredonMay1。

B。TheUSoccupationhasnotbeenasuccess。

C。TherebuildingofIraqmainlydependedonUNsdecision。

D。TherearestillmanydisagreementsoverhowtorebuildIraq。

3。Whichshowsthewarisstillgoingon?

A。ThenumberofUSsoldierswhohavediedinIraq。

B。TheattackontheInternationalRedCrossheadquarters。

C。TheUStroopsarestillinIraq。

D。Alltheabove。

4。Thewriterofthisstoryis____。

A。ontheAmericanside

B。ontheFrenchside

C。ontheIraqiside

D。veryobjective(客观的)

keys：

Passage51。D2。D3。C

告别SARS，北京举行庆祝活动。

1．细节判断题。根据第一段推断D为正确答案。

2．段落大意理解题。文章最后一段：医学专家警告不能放松对SARS的防治和控制。

3．细节推理题。C符合文章提供的信息。

Passage61。A2。D3。D4。D

萨达姆政权倒台，伊拉克面临重建的问题。

1．综合全文理解：A不是伊拉克重建问题上存在的分歧。

2．文章主旨题。A，B，C是文中提到的细节性的东西，但不是全文要表达的观点。

3．细节推断题。文章二三四五段提供了相关信息。D为正确答案。

4．判断作者的立场观点。这篇文章中作者对伊拉克局势和重建问题作了客观地阐述。答案为：D。